Business Field

To shorten the feeding cycle of commercial pigs and achieve the purpose of rapid fattening, the requirements for the environmental conditions of pig farms are relatively strict. Only by creating a suitable microclimate environment can we ensure that the growing and finishing pigs have a strong appetite, fast weight gain, less material consumption, low morbidity and mortality, and thus obtain high economic benefits.

 

First, how to control the temperature of the pig house

Pigs are thermostatic animals, in general, if the temperature is not comfortable, the pig body can maintain the basic constant body temperature through its own regulation, but it needs to consume energy, so as to affect the growth rate of the pig. The suitable temperature for the growth of fattening pigs is: 20-30°C for piglets, 50-20°C before 25 kg weight, and 50-90°C for 18-20 kg weight.

 

Second, pig breeding should control humidity, what is the most suitable humidity

Humidity affects growing fattening pigs less than temperature. But too high or too low humidity is also bad for growing and finishing pigs. When high temperature and humidity, the heat dissipation of the pig body is difficult, and the pig feels more stuffy; When low temperature and high humidity, the heat dissipation of the pig body increases significantly, the pig feels colder, and the high humidity environment is conducive to the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, making the pig prone to skin diseases such as scabies and eczema. The suitable relative humidity of the pig house is 65-80%, and if heating equipment is used in the pig house, the relative humidity should be reduced by 5-8%.

 

3. What are the requirements for light for pigs during the feeding process?

In general, light has little effect on pig fattening. As long as the light of the fattening pig house does not affect the feed intake of pigs and is convenient for feeding management operations, strong light will affect the rest and sleep of fattening pigs. The construction of fattening pig houses should be mainly based on heat preservation, and there is no need to emphasize lighting.

 

4. How should the pig house eliminate harmful gases?

Due to the fermentation or spoilage of manure, urine, feed and bedding in the pig barn, toxic gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are often decomposed, and the pig's respiration will emit a large amount of carbon dioxide. If the concentration of carbon dioxide in the pig house is too high, it will reduce the appetite of the pig, reduce the physical fitness, and gain weight slowly. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are harmful to both humans and pigs, and will seriously stimulate and destroy the mucosa and conjunctiva, and will induce a variety of diseases. Therefore, the pig house should always pay attention to ventilation, timely remove pig manure, urine and dirt, and pay attention to the appropriate captive density.

 

5. What is the impact of noise on pig farming?

Noise adversely affects feeding, rest and weight gain in fattening pigs. If often disturbed by noise, the activity of pigs increases greatly, part of the energy is consumed and affects pig weight gain, noise will also cause pigs to panic and reduce appetite.

 

 

6. How to adjust the feeding density?

If the captive density is too high and the group is too large, it can lead to a deterioration of the living environment of the pig herd, increased conflict between pigs, decreased appetite, decreased feed intake, slow growth, uneven development of the pig herd, and susceptibility to various diseases. In general, the captive density should be 0.8-1 square meter per fattening pig, and the herd size is preferably 10-20 pigs per herd.

 

7. How to reasonably group people?

Different pig breeds have different living habits and different requirements for feeding management conditions. Therefore, the herd should be kept in captivity according to the breed in order to provide suitable environmental conditions for them. In addition, the individual condition of the pigs should be considered when grouping, and piglets with uneven weight and physical constitution should not be mixed and raised, so as not to seize weak food and make the pigs grow untidy. After the group, it is necessary to keep the relative stability of the pig herd, and try not to merge the group during the feeding period, otherwise, the pigs of different groups bite each other, which will affect the growth and fattening.

 

Autumn is the golden period of pig farming.

Because in this season, pigs grow and develop faster. The cool climate and moderate humidity are optimal for pig growth. Therefore, pig farmers should seize the golden period of autumn, improve the level of pig breeding, achieve the purpose of increasing production and efficiency, how to do a good job in autumn pig herd management? In autumn, during the feeding period of fattening pigs, it is best to feed them in two stages according to their weight (25-60 kg in the early stage of fattening and 60-100 kg in the later stage), according to the nutritional needs of the pigs, select local feed resources, use concentrated premixes, and match the pigs with a full-price diet. In terms of pig group management: First, do a reasonable grouping, generally 10-20 pigs per pen is appropriate, to ensure that each pig has a suitable pen area (usually 0.4-0.8 square meters / head in the early stage of fattening, 0.8-1.2 square meters / head in the later stage), and keep the weight of pigs in the same pen even. The second is to do a good job in the adjustment of the "three-point positioning" of pigs, so that the pigs can develop the habit of defecating, feeding and sleeping in a fixed place from the beginning.

 

9. How to prevent diseases in autumn pigs

In autumn, pigs are most susceptible to swine fever, influenza, epicyte disease, and swine streptococcal disease. In this season, the prevention and treatment of these diseases is particularly important. Strengthening the management of pig feeding, strictly preventing the invasion of wind, cold and humidity, increasing ventilation, timely removing manure, sludge and turbid water in the circle, keeping the ground dry, clean and hygienic, thickening the bedding, preventing cold and warmth, and preventing bedsores are the focus of autumn pig breeding work.

 

10. What management links should be paid attention to in autumn pig raising?

When raising pigs in autumn, in addition to strengthening conventional feed management, it is also necessary to do a good job in pig feed reserve and fattening and fattening. In autumn, sweet potatoes, artichokes, peanut stalks, soybean stalks, etc. are crushed and fermented are all good pig feed. Potato tubers, bean pods, etc. can be dried and crushed before being fed to pigs. In the feeding method, the method of wet feeding of raw food and drinking water alone is adopted, and the powder batch is prepared by adding water before feeding in the ratio of 1:1-1:1.5. Establish a regular and quantitative feeding system. In order to promote digestion and improve feed utilization and growth rate, fattening pigs' daily diet can be fed regularly 3 times, in addition, the appetite of pigs is generally the strongest in the evening, followed by the morning, and the weakest at noon, so the amount of feed each time in a day can be roughly distributed in the proportion of 35% in the morning, 25% at noon and 40% in the evening.

 

11. In winter, the temperature is low, and many pig farmers often only pay attention to the insulation of the pig house and ignore the ventilation in the house, resulting in a large accumulation of pollutants in the air, resulting in pig disease. Therefore, the ventilation and disinfection of pigs in winter can not be ignored, and the ventilation and disinfection of the winter pig house are talked about.

 

Because the winter enclosure needs to be warmed and kept warm, it is in a relatively closed environment, which will greatly increase the indoor carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and inhalable particulate matter content. These harmful substances can cause irritating injuries and decreased immunity of the respiratory system of pigs, increase the chance of respiratory diseases, and also make existing disease symptoms aggravated and difficult to cure. In addition, the air in the winter house is too dry, and the bacteria and viruses floating in the air are greatly increased in the probability of adsorption in the body, which is easy to cause a large number of microorganisms and germs, resulting in pigs suffering from a variety of diseases, so it is important to ventilate and disinfect the pig pen in time.

 

12. How to do a good job of ventilation and disinfection

Ventilation and disinfection of pig pens in winter should mainly pay attention to the following points: timely ventilation When the temperature is relatively high at noon, open a small gap in the window for ventilation for 1 hour. According to investigations, in indoor rooms where the air is not circulating, virus and bacteria droplets in the air can float for more than 30 hours. If the doors and windows are often opened for ventilation, the dirty air can float away at any time, and the room also gets enough light, which can make it difficult for a variety of viruses and germs to breed and multiply. Regular disinfection of the barn promotes robust growth of pigs. Disinfectants should be used in rotation, the dosage should be determined according to the instructions, and do not increase the dose without authorization. Before disinfection, it must be thoroughly cleaned, and the ground should be disinfected like a drizzle, not too wet (pigs are prone to diarrhea) nor too dry (not disinfected), and every corner should be disinfected in place. When disinfecting, let the spray head be above the pig so that the liquid slowly falls, do not disinfect the pig body. It is difficult to disinfect outside the house in winter to prevent freezing, especially the disinfection tank set up when entering the farm area and the passage of the pig barn, which may cause ice to freeze in winter. For this case, you can sprinkle some salt in the disinfectant so that it does not freeze. In addition, it is also necessary to pay attention to changing the disinfectant in the disinfection tank frequently to prevent the expiration of the drug and reduce or fail to become effective.

 

 

13. In recent winters, the prevalence of epidemic diarrheal diseases in pigs has shown an upward trend, especially in large-scale pig farms, what measures should farmers take to reduce the occurrence of pig diarrheal diseases?

 

Diarrhoea in pigs is a clinical symptom that can cause many causes. In winter pig production, the incidence of epidemic diarrhea in pigs is particularly high, especially in piglets aged 1~3 months. The incidence of epidemic diarrhea in weaned piglets is as high as 30%~40%, and the mortality rate is as high as 30%~50%, especially the incidence and mortality rate of suckling pigs are higher, which can reach 100%. Pigs grow slowly after the disease, feed return rate is low, once piglets are infected with this disease, physical fitness declines, immune function is reduced, resistance to epidemic is weakened, easy to be secondary to other infectious diseases, treatment is not timely, will cause a large number of deaths.

 

14. What are the treatments for porcine diarrheal diseases?

Fluid rehydration: epidemic diarrhea in pigs can easily cause dehydration of the body, especially in the later stage of the disease, infusion can play a role in providing energy and improving blood circulation.

 

1. Intravenous injection: 200~500ml + vitamin C 10ml + gentamicin 8,2 units can be used for glucose sodium chloride injection or compound sodium chloride injection 3 bottles twice a day for 5~<> days.

 

2. Intraperitoneal injection: when piglets have severe dehydration with diarrhea, intraperitoneal injection can be done, and the effect is excellent. Mix with 500 ml glucose + dexamethasone 5 mg + atropine 1 vial + gentamicin + astragalus immunopeptide 20 ml + vitamin C 10 ml. Specific operation method: after the piglet is upside down, next to the penultimate nipple, first disinfect it with iodine wine, then press the injection site with the thumb, stick it vertically with the syringe, and then draw the syringe back to see if there is any abnormality, if there is blood or watery reflux, it can not be injected; If not, it can be injected, generally each piglet is injected with 20~40ml of liquid once, 1 time / day, 2~3 times in a row, the effect is better.

 

3. Intramuscular injection: can be mixed intramuscular injection with dysentery net + streptomycin + astragalus immune peptide, 2 times / day, continuous 3~5 days.

 

4. Feed drinking water: you can mix norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, florfenicol in the feed, and add vitamin C + baking soda powder to drinking water (or edible alkali powder, 50 kg of water plus 6-7 taels to prevent acidosis caused by dehydration of piglet body), for 5-7 consecutive days.

 

 

15. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy has the effects of clearing heat, detoxification, antibacterial, purifying blood and stopping diarrhea. It has a good therapeutic effect on the recovery of pig function, please ask Station Manager Zhang to talk about Chinese medicine therapy

 

Method 500: 50 grams each of plantain, skullcap, huanglian, yellow cypress, jiao hawthorn and Chen qu, frying water for warm feeding, can be used for 10 3 kg piglets at one time, twice a day, for 5~<> days.

 

Method 150: One head of garlic, mashed into garlic puree, 6ml with aged vinegar (red vinegar), soaked for 3 hours, filtered with gauze, 5~3ml per piglet, twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon), for 5~<> days.

 

Method 15: 10 grams of raw land, 15 grams of honeysuckle, 15 grams of gentian grass, 10 grams of ground bone skin, 10 grams of danpi, 10 grams of dandelion, 10 grams of yellow cypress, 10 grams of ground elm, 10 grams of astragalus, 10 grams of angelica, 10 grams of licorice, <> grams of tongweed, fed to the sow (or with mother and litter powder, the main ingredients: white-headed weed, male yellow, patchouli, etc.), suckling pigs through lactation, the active ingredients of the drug are transmitted to the piglets, so that the epidemic diarrhea of suckling pigs can also be well treated.

 

16. What measures should be taken in pig production to prevent the occurrence of swine diarrheal diseases as soon as possible

 

1. Do a good job in pig house hygiene: for piglet epidemic diarrhea, "prevention is more important than treatment". The environmental sanitation and disinfection of the pig house should be strengthened to keep the pig house dry. The floor in the house can be disinfected with 1%~2% caustic soda, and the walls of the pig house can be painted with quicklime water. The whole site is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected once a week with <> poison and anti-virus power.

 

2. Strengthen feeding management: especially for piglets, fine management should be carried out, pay attention to winter cold and warmth, and the bedding should be clean, dry and soft. The feed provided to pigs should be soft and palatable, easy to digest, you can mix some baking soda powder and complete antidiarrheal powder or milk antidiarrheal powder in the feed, which can not only prevent gastrointestinal diseases of pigs, but also promote the growth and development of piglets. Drinking water should be sufficient and clean, and vitamins, glucose powder and electrolytic multidimensional powder can be added to drinking water, which can increase the metabolic absorption of pigs.

 

3. Strengthen vaccination: according to the local epidemic situation, do a good job of vaccination.

 

4. Timely detection and isolation: In pig production, three views should be achieved: watch the mental condition, watch the diet, and watch the color and shape of the excreted feces. Timely detection, early isolation and symptomatic treatment. Effective diagnosis and treatment to reduce mortality and morbidity in pigs.